the use of ferro vanadium
It is mainly used for smelting alloy steel. About 90% of the vanadium consumed in the world is used in the steel industry. Vanadium is mainly used to refine the grain in ordinary low-alloy steel, increase the strength of the steel and inhibit its aging effect. In alloy structural steel, it is to refine the grain and increase the strength and toughness of the steel; Use in combination with chromium or manganese in spring steels to increase the elastic limit of the steel and improve its quality; In the tool steel, the structure and grain of the steel are mainly refined, the tempering stability of the steel is increased, its secondary hardening effect is enhanced, its wear resistance is improved, and the service life of the tool is prolonged. In heat-resistant and hydrogen-resistant steels, vanadium also plays a beneficial role; The vanadium added to the cast iron promotes the formation of pearlite due to the formation of carbides, which makes the cementite stable, the shape of the graphite particles is fine and uniform, and the grains of the matrix are refined, so that the hardness, tensile strength and wear resistance of the casting are improved.

the introduction of vanadium product
Vanadium products are divided into primary, secondary and tertiary products. Primary products include vanadium-bearing minerals, concentrates, vanadium slag, spent catalysts for end-of-life petroleum refining, end-of-life catalysts and other residues. Secondary products include vanadium pentoxide, which can also be a usable industrial product, i.e. catalysts for the production of sulfuric acid and catalysts for petroleum refining. Tertiary products include ferrovanadium, vanadium-aluminum alloys, molybdenum-vanadium-aluminum alloys, silicon-manganese-vanadium-iron alloys and vanadium compounds, of which ferrovanadium is the most important vanadium material, accounting for 85% of vanadium consumption.

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