Composition and Grades of ferro tungsten
Ferrotungsten is classified based on its tungsten content and impurity levels:
| Grade | Tungsten (W) % | Carbon (C) % | Phosphorus (P) % | Sulfur (S) % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FeW80 | 75–85% | ≤0.6% | ≤0.05% | ≤0.08% |
| FeW70 | 65–75% | ≤0.8% | ≤0.06% | ≤0.10% |
Additional elements like manganese (Mn), silicon (Si), and copper (Cu) may be present in trace amounts, depending on the production method.
Key Properties & Functional Benefits
Ferrotungsten imparts critical properties to alloys:
(1) Extreme Hardness & Wear Resistance
Forms tungsten carbides (WC, W₂C) in steel, significantly improving abrasion resistance.
Essential for cutting tools, drill bits, and mining machinery.
(2) High-Temperature Stability
Maintains strength and creep resistance at temperatures exceeding 600°C.
Used in high-speed steels (HSS), turbine blades, and exhaust valves.
(3) Grain Refinement & Toughness
Inhibits grain growth in steel, enhancing mechanical strength and fatigue resistance.
(4) Corrosion & Oxidation Resistance
Improves durability in acidic, high-temperature, and marine environments.
(5) High-Density Applications
Used in radiation shielding, counterweights, and kinetic energy penetrators (military).
Market & Economic Considerations
Tungsten is a strategic and critical raw material, with China dominating ~80% of global supply.
Price volatility due to geopolitical factors and limited reserves.
Recycling of tungsten scrap is increasing to ensure sustainable supply.
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