Vanadium Pentoxide Flake (V₂O₅) is a yellow-to-orange crystalline compound of vanadium in its +5 oxidation state. It is produced from vanadium-bearing ores, slag, or secondary industrial residues through roasting and purification processes.
It is primarily used as an intermediate material to produce ferrovanadium (FeV) and other vanadium-based alloys for steelmaking.
Because of its high reactivity and stable chemical structure, V₂O₅ is also widely used as a catalyst in sulfuric acid production and organic chemical reactions.
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Production Process of Vanadium Pentoxide Flake
The production of V₂O₅ involves multiple refining stages to ensure high purity and stable chemical composition.
Vanadium ore or slag roasting
Leaching and impurity removal
Ammonium metavanadate precipitation
Calcination to V₂O₅
Flake cooling and crystallization
High-quality V₂O₅ production requires strict control of impurities such as sulfur, phosphorus, silicon, and iron to ensure consistent performance in ferroalloy production.
Why Vanadium Pentoxide Is Important in Steelmaking?
Vanadium is one of the most effective microalloying elements in steel production. When added to molten steel via ferrovanadium, it forms stable carbides and nitrides that significantly improve mechanical properties.
Key metallurgical functions include:
Grain refinement in steel microstructure
Increased tensile and yield strength
Improved wear resistance
Enhanced fatigue performance
As a result, V₂O₅ is considered a strategic raw material for modern high-performance steel production.
Technical Specifications of Vanadium Pentoxide Flake
| Item | Specification |
|---|---|
| Purity (V₂O₅) | 98% Min / 99% Optional |
| Appearance | Orange / Yellow Flake |
| Vanadium Content | ~56% V |
| Impurity (Fe, Si, P, S) | Controlled to industrial standard limits |
| Moisture | ≤0.5% |
| Particle Form | Flake / Crystalline Powder |
Vanadium Pentoxide Grades and Market Types
Commercial V₂O₅ is typically categorized based on purity level and application requirements.
| Grade | Purity | Application |
|---|---|---|
| Industrial Grade | ≥98% | Ferrovanadium production |
| Refined Grade | ≥99% | Chemical catalysts, specialty alloys |
| Battery Grade | High purity controlled | Energy storage materials (R&D / niche use) |
Key Applications of Vanadium Pentoxide
Ferrovanadium Production
The largest application of V₂O₅ is the production of ferrovanadium (FeV), which is added to steel to improve strength and toughness.
High-Strength Steel Manufacturing
Used in construction steel, pipeline steel, automotive steel, and structural steel to enhance mechanical performance.
Chemical Catalyst Industry
V₂O₅ is widely used as a catalyst in sulfuric acid production and oxidation reactions in organic chemistry.
Energy Storage Materials
Vanadium compounds are used in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFB), supporting large-scale energy storage systems.
Vanadium Pentoxide Price Reference (June 26 Market Data)
The following pricing reflects recent market conditions in China for 98% vanadium pentoxide flake:
| Product | Grade | Price (RMB/ton) | Market Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| V₂O₅ Flake | 98% | 7.65 | Large producer, acceptance payment |
| V₂O₅ Flake | 98% | 7.50 | Large producer, cash payment |
| V₂O₅ Flake | 98% | 7.25–7.30 | Small & regional suppliers |
Price fluctuations are influenced by raw material supply, ferrovanadium demand, steel production cycles, and energy costs.
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| Item | V₂O₅ | Ferrovanadium (FeV) |
|---|---|---|
| Form | Oxide compound | Metal alloy |
| Direct Steel Use | No | Yes |
| Function | Raw material | Direct alloy additive |
| Processing Step | Requires reduction | Ready for steelmaking |
How to Evaluate Vanadium Pentoxide Quality?
Quality evaluation of V₂O₅ requires both chemical and physical testing.
Key inspection factors include:
Purity (V₂O₅ content ≥98% or ≥99%)
Vanadium recovery efficiency
Impurity levels (Fe, Si, P, S)
Moisture content
Particle uniformity
Color consistency (orange/yellow crystalline structure)
Laboratory methods include ICP analysis, XRF testing, and chemical titration methods to ensure accurate composition control.
Procurement Guide for Buyers
When purchasing vanadium pentoxide flake, buyers should consider not only price but also supplier reliability and production stability.
Recommended evaluation criteria:
Stable long-term supply capability
Batch-to-batch chemical consistency
Third-party inspection availability
Export documentation support
Packaging quality (moisture-proof and sealed bags)
Reliable sourcing is critical for steel mills to ensure consistent ferrovanadium production efficiency.
FAQ About Vanadium Pentoxide Flake
1. What is vanadium pentoxide used for?
Vanadium pentoxide is mainly used to produce ferrovanadium, which is added to steel to improve strength, toughness, and wear resistance. It is also used in chemical catalysts and energy storage systems.
2. Why is V₂O₅ important in steelmaking?
It serves as the primary raw material for ferrovanadium production. Vanadium improves grain refinement and precipitation strengthening in steel, enhancing mechanical properties.
3. What is the typical purity of V₂O₅?
Industrial-grade V₂O₅ is usually ≥98%, while higher purity grades can reach 99% or above depending on application requirements.
4. What affects vanadium pentoxide price?
Prices are influenced by ferrovanadium demand, steel production cycles, ore supply, energy costs, and global industrial activity.
5. Can V₂O₅ be directly used in steelmaking?
No. It must first be reduced into ferrovanadium or other vanadium alloys before being added to molten steel.
6. What is the color of high-quality V₂O₅?
High-quality vanadium pentoxide typically appears as orange to yellow crystalline flakes with uniform texture and minimal impurities.
7. How is V₂O₅ stored?
It should be stored in a dry, sealed environment to prevent moisture absorption and contamination, which may affect processing performance.
8. What is the difference between V₂O₅ and vanadium metal?
V₂O₅ is an oxide intermediate used for alloy production, while vanadium metal is a refined elemental form used in specialized applications.
9. Which industries consume the most V₂O₅?
The steel industry consumes the majority, followed by chemical catalysts and energy storage applications.
10. How to ensure stable V₂O₅ supply?
Buyers should work with suppliers offering consistent production capacity, strict quality control, and long-term contract stability.
Contact Information
ZhenAn International
Email: market@zanewmetal.com
WhatsApp/WeChat: +86 15518824805
We supply high-purity vanadium pentoxide flake (98%–99%), with stable quality, export documentation, and global logistics support for ferrovanadium and steel industry customers.
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